Defra reviewing GL45 in light of reduction of AI risk
Defra has announced that GL45, which governs the release of gamebirds on or around certain Special Protection Areas in England, is currently being reviewed.
- - Features
- - Features
A carbon king?
Grouse shooting is undertaken on moorland across Northern England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales. While these moors may provide a variety of different shooting opportunities, they all share another very important common characteristic; they are all types of peatland. Peatland itself is an exceptional carbon store, locking up an estimated 42% of the UK’s carbon.
Why are peatlands important for carbon?
The amount of carbon stored by the UK’s peatland is more than the amount taken up by all the trees in Britain and France combined. Under the right conditions peatlands can also take up (sequester) carbon from the atmosphere as they slowly form more layers of peat.
It is estimated that in England peatlands make up around 11% of the land, yet staggeringly store nearly 600 million tonnes of carbon. Grouse moors are thought to account for up to 35% of this peatland carbon in England alone.
What does grouse shooting do to protect the carbon store?
Historically, the commercial value placed on grouse shooting has protected moorland from damaging operations such as industrial forestry and unsuitable grazing.
Before the importance of carbon storage and capture was understood, grouse shooting was the primary driver which enabled moorland habitats and peatlands to survive.
The Moorland Association estimates that their members have restored over 30,000 hectares (and rising) of peatland. They have also blocked 700km of peatland drainage ditches, reversing the damage done as a result of Government agricultural policy in the last century.
Are there threats to peatland carbon stores?
It is universally agreed that wildfires pose one of the biggest risks to peatlands across the globe. Sadly, the UK has also seen a rise in wildfire severity and climate change is likely to add to this challenging situation.
Tackling an increase in wildfires is complex and will require a variety of approaches such as continued moorland rewetting and restoration. Education of the public is also key, as most wildfires are started by people.
There is increasing evidence to support reducing the fuel load across moorlands as a method to lessen the risk of wildfire, as recognised by the new Defra burning licence. Sustainable grazing, mowing and prescribed cool burning on grouse moors and the implementation of fire plans and investment in specialist firefighting equipment by moor managers leads the way in reducing wildfire risk. This in turn protects the peatland carbon store below the surface.
Such is the risk of wildfires to our environment, that the fire on Saddleworth Moor in 2018 emitted the equivalent carbon into the air as the annual use of 100,000 family cars and potentially impacted the air quality for millions of people.
Carbon calculations
The key for grouse moors now is to calculate their individual carbon stores, working out precisely how many tonnes of carbon they have locked away and how they can ensure this is protected. This will then allow for the implementation of specific management to sequester more precious carbon.
There are also potentially exciting opportunities for people and organisations to offset their carbon footprints with peatlands and thus grouse moors. This will provide investment opportunities to further restore peatlands, protect existing carbon stores and ensure that habitats and species above the ground continue to thrive, including the magnificent grouse.
Read more of shooting’s climate and biodiversity success stories by heading to our COP26 page here.
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Gareth Dockerty
Gareth is Deputy Director of shooting operations at BASC. Having joined the organisation in 2016, Gareth’s role focuses on ensuring decision makers, stakeholders and the public understand the benefits of shooting for upland habitats and rural communities.
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