
Shotgun safety
It is estimated there are more than 1.5 million shotguns held legally in Britain and this code of practice will ensure a safe and responsible future for the sport.
Get information on the legal shooting season for mammals and birds in the UK.
Apply for funding for your project or make a donation today
Comprehensive information and advice from our specialist firearms team.
Everything you need to know about shotgun, rifle and airgun ammunition.
Find our up-to-date information, advice and links to government resources.
Everything you need to know on firearms law and licensing.
All the latest news and advice on general licences and how they affect you.
Traditionally, different pellet sizes in lead shot have been favoured for different types of shooting, such as:
BB/1/3
6/7
5/6
6/7
Recent research, however, may result in recommended shot sizes changing, generally towards larger pellets than were used in the past.
Each non-lead type has different ballistic characteristics, which means that pellet sizes may need to change for these materials to achieve pattern density and striking energy levels sufficient to ensure consistently clean kills.
In particular, where the material is less dense than lead, and so has less kinetic energy, it is necessary to use a larger size shot – for example, if steel is used then at least two sizes larger (i.e. for lead no.6 use steel no.4 or larger); if bismuth is used then at least one size larger (no.3 or larger in place of lead no.4).
While the traditional game load has long been 30g or 32g (11/16 oz and 11/8 oz) of no.6 shot nowadays game shooters are using more no.5 or larger shot.
In Steel
In Bismuth increase the shot size by one from the traditional lead sizes quoted above.
Remember – a heavy load does not necessarily increase the effective range of a shotgun.
It is estimated there are more than 1.5 million shotguns held legally in Britain and this code of practice will ensure a safe and responsible future for the sport.
Lachlan Nisbet, partner at Brabners lawyers, advises you to be aware of accepting a caution for a minor offence, as these can give licensing officers a reason to revoke your certificates.
A comprehensive guide to firearms security, including advice on travelling with guns and firearms in rented accommodation.
Sign up to our weekly newsletter and get all the latest updates straight to your inbox.
© 2025 British Association for Shooting and Conservation. Registered Office: Marford Mill, Rossett, Wrexham, LL12 0HL – Registered Society No: 28488R. BASC is a trading name of the British Association for Shooting and Conservation Limited which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) under firm reference number 311937.
BASC Direct Ltd is an Introducer Appointed Representative of Agria Pet Insurance Ltd who administer the insurance and is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority, Financial Services Register Number 496160. Agria Pet Insurance is registered and incorporated in England and Wales with registered number 04258783. Registered office: First Floor, Blue Leanie, Walton Street, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, HP21 7QW. Agria insurance policies are underwritten by Agria Försäkring.
If you have any questions or complaints about your BASC membership insurance cover, please email us. More information about resolving complaints can be found on the FCA website or on the EU ODR platform.